Abstracts

Rationale: Incidence of congenital malformations ( CM ) in children of epileptic mothers(EM) is higher than general population having multifactorial origen. The aim of this paper is to know the frequency of CM in children of EM and some risk factors related.Methods: Prospective study with 370 children of EM carried out Jan 1996 - Jan 2006, a form designed to register demographic, clinical and genetic data. Final results were recorded on database to make a statistical analysis; the results were compared to a control group of 500 children from non-epilectic mothers(NEM).Results: CM were diagnosed in 9.85% children from EM ( 36/370) 4.20 % (21/500) in children from NEM ( odd ratio=2.7; IC of 95%= 2.01-3.3) rate of CM with only one anti-epileptic drug ( DAEs) was 3.1% to 1.2% of the control( RR=2.1; IC 95% ; 1.3-3.5%) rate was 4.9% when taking 2 DAEs (RR=3.6;IC 95%;2.1-6.5%) and 9.7% if taking three or more DAEs(RR= 6.3; IC 95%; 2.5- 16.3) most common CM were cardiac defects (1.63 % to 0.4%) cleft palate (1.15 %to 0.18%) urogenital abnormalities ( 1.80% to 0.61%) and defects of the neural tube (1.30% to 0.50%), CM were more frequent in children under Valproic Acid( 14.38%) than those under other DAEs (2.7%) (P < 001), the daily dose of Valproic Acid was higher in children with CM than those without CM (1750 to 1000 mg; P < 0.01) 37.5% of MC were diagnosed in children from EM with toniclonic seizures during first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: CM was most frequent in children from EM who used DAEs in pregnancy; polytherapy, high doses and seizures during first trimester are some risk factors of CM in children from EM.