Authors :
Angélica Vega García, National Autonomous University of Mexico; Cesar E. Santana Gomez, University of California, of Angeles; Luisa L. Rocha Arrieta, CINVESTAV; Rosalinda Guevara Guzmán, National Autonomous University of Mexico; Iris A. Feria Romero, Medi
Rationale:
Neuroinflammation induced in response to damage caused by status epilepticus (SE) activates the interleukin (IL)1-β pathway and proinflammatory proteins that increase vulnerability to develop spontaneous seizure activity and/or epilepsy. The goal at the present study was to assess the short-term anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of Magnolia officinalis (MO) on recurrent SE in immature rats.
Methods:
Sprague Dawley rats at 10 days of post-natal age (PN) were used. SE was induced with intraperitoneal (ip) kainic acid (KA) every 24 h for five days. 60 animals were divided into two control groups: (1) SHAM and (2) KA and two experimental groups: (1) MO group (KA-MO) and (2) Celecoxib group (Drug control, KA-Clbx). Proinflammatory proteins from the hippocampus were evaluated by Western blotting after a single dose of MO at 6 and 24 h post-recurrent SE and with a sub-chronic administration of MO. The number of preserved neurons and gliosis were evaluated by immunohistochemistry methods. Seizure susceptibility was analyzed through an after-discharge threshold (ADT) evaluation, and electroencephalographic activity was recorded.
Results:
Results: KA-MO and KA-Clbx caused a decrease in the expression of IL1-β in addition to Cox-2 at 6 and at 24 h post-treatment and inducible iNOS synthase at 6 and 24 h and reduces neuronal loss and gliosis at 30 days postnatal similar effect to Clbx. The ADT evaluation and the analysis of the electroencephalographic activity under basal conditions showed that the MO and Clbx treatments protected against epileptiform activity, and decreases long-term excitability. All rats in the KA-MO and KA-Clbx groups presented a phase I seizure on the Racine scale, corresponding to the shaking of a wet dog. In contrast, the KA group showed phase V convulsive activity on the Racine scale.
Conclusions:
Conclusion: The results indicating that Magnolia officinalis as an alternative preventive treatment for immature stages epileptogenesis are encouraging. All procedures, use, management and care of the animals were followed and approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) and Mexican Official Standard (NOM- 062-ZOO-1999).
Funding: Grant number FIS/IMSS/ PROT/G12/1124.